Cyber Physical Energy Systems Modules for Power Sharing Controllers in Inverter Based Microgrids

The Microgrids (MGs) are an effective way to deal with the smart grid challenges, including service continuity in the event of a grid interruption, and renewable energy integration. The MGs are compounded by multiple distributed generators (DGs), and the main control goals are load demand sharing and voltage and frequency stability. Important research has been reported to cope with the implementation challenges of the MGs including the power sharing control problem, where the use of cybernetic components such as virtual components, and communication systems is a common characteristic. The use of these cybernetic components to control complex physical systems generates new modeling challenges in order to achieve an adequate balance between complexity and accuracy in the MG model. The standardization problem of the cyber-physical MG models is addressed in this work, using a cyber-physical energy systems (CPES) modeling methodology to build integrated modules, and define the communication architectures that each power sharing control strategy requires in an AC-MG. Based on these modules, the control designer can identify the signals and components that eventually require a time delay analysis, communication requirements evaluation, and cyber-attacks’ prevention strategies. Similarly, the modules of each strategy allow for analyzing the potential advantages and drawbacks of each power sharing control technique from a cyber physical perspective

Effects of mechanical abrasion challenge on sound and demineralized dentin surfaces treated with SDF

This study evaluated the effect of mechanical abrasion on the surface integrity, color change (Delta E) and antibacterial properties of demineralized and sound dentin surfaces treated with silver-diammine-fluoride (SDF). The dentin specimens were divided into two groups: sound and demineralized dentin, then divided into three sub-groups, control (no-treatment), SDF, and SDF+potassium-iodide (KI). Each sub-group was further divided into two groups, one exposed to mechanical brushing and the other without brushing. Specimens were analyzed for the Delta E, surface roughness/surface loss and antibacterial properties (CFU, optical density and fluorescent microscope). Repeated Measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of color change while one-way ANOVA was used for CFU analysis. SDF and SDI+KI groups showed significant reduction in Delta E with brushing in the sound dentin group unlike the demineralized group. The surface roughness values were higher for both SDF and SDF+KI groups but roughness values significantly decreased after brushing. Both SDF and SDF+KI groups revealed significantly less surface loss than control. The SDF group showed high anti-bacterial effect after brushing, unlike SDF+KI group. So, we concluded that mechanical brushing improved the esthetic outcome. While, SDF and SDF+KI could protect the dentin surface integrity. SDF-treated dentin possesses an antibacterial property even after mechanical brushing

RESPONSE OF JOJOBA (SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS, LINK) PLANTS TO COMPOST AND SOME STIMULATING SUBSTANCES TREATMENTS

This work was done during the two experimental seasons of 2020 and 2021 at the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt to study the reaction of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis, Link) plants to compost (0.0, 500, 1000 and 1500 g/container) and some stimulating substances (control, vitamin E at 100 ppm, active yeast at 10 g/l and garlic extract at 10%) treatments. Data revealed that increasing the level of compost led to a significantly increased in plant height, main stem thickness, number of branches/plant and aerial parts and root weights (fresh or dry) compared with control. While sprayed plants with all stimulating substances significantly enhanced all previous characters compared with the control. It can be concluded that the high level of compost (1500 g/container) plus yeast at 10 g/l or garlic extract at 10% led to the greatest growth parameters of jojoba plan

EFFECT OF COMPOST AND SOME STIMULATING SUBSTANCES ON LEAVES AND SOME CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF JOJOBA PLANT

This work was performed in the two experimental seasons of 2020 and 2021 at the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt to study the effect of compost (0.0, 500, 1000 and 1500 g/container) and some stimulating substances (control, vitamin E at 100 ppm, bread yeast at 10 g/l and garlic extract at 10%) on leaves and some chemical composition of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis, Link) plants. Data showed that all used levels of compost pronounced increased leaves traits (number, leaf area, leaves weights (fresh or dry) in addition to chemical composition (pigments content, NPK percentages and protein) compared with the control. The 1500 g compost/container was more active than other treatments. Also, sprayed plants with vitamin E, active yeast and garlic extract significantly improved all previous parameters compared with the control. In general, the treatment of active yeast was superior, followed by garlic extract than vitamin E treatment. Therefore, the best interaction treatment was recorded with the high level of compost (1500 g/container) plus bread active yeast (10 g/l) or garlic extract (10 %)

EFFECT OF COMPOST AND SOME NATURAL STIMULANT TREATMENTS ON: I. VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FLOWERING ASPECTS OF (GLADIOLUS GRANDIFLORUS CV. PETER PEARS) PLANTS

Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 at the Nursery and the Laboratory of Ornamental plants, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University. The aim of this study was to figure out the effect of organic fertilization and natural stimulants, as well as, their interaction on vegetative growth, flowering aspects of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. Peter Pears plants. Results showed that vegetative growth (leaf length, number of leaves/plant and dry weight of leaves/plant) and flowering aspects (length of spike, number of florets/spike and lower floret diameter) were gradually increased by increasing the level of compost fertilizer. All natural stimulant treatments significantly increased all vegetative growth characters and flowering parameters in comparison with the control. Seaweeds extract at 3 cm3/l or active dry yeast at 5 g/l seemed to be more effective than other treatments in this concern. The use of high level of compost (7.5 ton/fed) in combination with seaweeds extract at 3 cm3/l or active dry yeast at 5 g/l noticeably improved the different vegetative growth characters and flowering parameters of gladiolus

EFFECT OF COMPOST AND SOME NATURAL STIMULANT TREATMENTS ON: II. CORMS PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF (GLADIOLUS GRANDIFLORUS CV. PETER PEARS) PLANTS

Two field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of plant compost (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 ton/fed) and six natural stimulants (green tea extract at 5 g/l, moringa leaves extract at 300 mg/l, garlic extract at 300 mg/l, licorice roots extract at 5 g/l, active dry yeast at 5 g/l and seaweeds extract at 3 cm3/l) on corms production and chemical constituents of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. Peter Pears. The obtained results indicated that corm diameter, number of cormels/plant, dry weight of cormels, as well as, chemical constituents including chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and percentages of N, P and K in the corms were gradually increased by increasing the level of compost. Significant differences were detected among the four used treatments. So, the high level of compost resulted the highest values. All six treatments of natural stimulants significantly increased corm and cormels production and their content of chemical constituents in comparison of the control plants. The highest values were obtained due to the treatments of seaweeds extract at 3 cm3/l. or active dry yeast at 5 g/l. The interaction between compost and natural stimulants was significant for all previous characters, except chlorophyll a in the first season

Ozonated saline intradermal injection: promising therapy for accelerated cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats

IntroductionThe use of ozonized water is gaining importance in medicine due to its effects on hyperglycemia and wound healing mechanisms.MethodsThis experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of intradermal administration of ozonated water on acute skin wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Sixty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: an ozonated water group (O3W) and a control group (CG). Experimental diabetes was chemically induced in the rats by the intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. One week later, full-thickness skin surgical wounds (1 cm2) were created between the two shoulders of the rats under general anesthesia. The wounds were then daily irrigated with normal saline (CG) or intradermally injected with 1 mL of ozonated water at 10 mg/L O3W. Wound healing was evaluated through macroscopic analysis, measuring wound size, diameter, and percentage of contraction rate before wounding and at 3, 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 21, 24, and 28 days post-wounding. On days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after induction of the wounds, the body weights and blood glucose levels of rats (8 per group) were measured before the rats were euthanized. Moreover, the morphological structure of the tissue, vascular endothelial and transforming growth factor (VEGF and TGF) affinity and gene expression were examined.ResultsThe O3W group had significantly lower blood glucose levels and wound size and gained body weight. Additionally, epithelial vascularization, stromal edema, TGF, and VEGF gene expression significantly improved in the O3W group.DiscussionTherefore, ozonated water has the potential to enhance and promote cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats

The proton radius puzzle

High-precision measurements of the proton radius from laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen demonstrated up to six standard deviations smaller values than obtained from electron-proton scattering and hydrogen spectroscopy. The status of this discrepancy, which is known as the proton radius puzzle will be discussed in this paper, complemented with the new insights obtained from spectroscopy of muonic deuterium.Comment: Moriond 2017 conference, 8 pages, 4 figure

Improved X-ray detection and particle identification with avalanche photodiodes

Avalanche photodiodes are commonly used as detectors for low energy x-rays. In this work we report on a fitting technique used to account for different detector responses resulting from photo absorption in the various APD layers. The use of this technique results in an improvement of the energy resolution at 8.2 keV by up to a factor of 2, and corrects the timing information by up to 25 ns to account for space dependent electron drift time. In addition, this waveform analysis is used for particle identification, e.g. to distinguish between x-rays and MeV electrons in our experiment.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure